Research History of Coronaviruses

Coronaviruses were isolated in 1965, but their current understanding is quite limited. Neutralizing antibodies can be detected in 50% of children aged 5 to 9 years , and 70% of adults are positive for neutralizing antibodies. Rhinovirus was discovered in the 1950s. Rhinovirus was first associated with colds , but only about 50% of colds are caused by rhinoviruses. In 1965, Tyrrell et al. Used a human embryo tracheal culture method to isolate a virus from a nasal wash of a common cold patient and named it B814 virus. Subsequently, Hamre et al isolated a similar virus using human embryonic kidney cells , and named the strain 229E virus. 

In 1967, Mclntosh et al. Isolated a batch of viruses from cold patients by human embryo tracheal culture, and its representative strain was OC43 strain. In 1968, Almeida, etc. These viruses were morphological study, electron microscope observation that these viruses envelope has a shape similar to the corona of the spinous process , it is proposed naming this virus is a coronavirus. In 1965, Tyrrell and Bynoe used the embryo's ciliated tracheal tissues to cultivate the coronavirus for the first time. This virus can be seen as a corona-like corona under an electron microscope, so it is called Coronaviridae . In 1975, the Nomenclature Committee officially named the Coronaviridae. Two types of coronaviruses are known to affect humans, and common colds and respiratory infections in 2/3 of preterm infants are caused by these two viruses. It is currently known that the Coronavirus family only infects vertebrates and is associated with many diseases in humans and animals. Since the first International Coronavirus Symposium was held in Germany in 1980,Molecular biology home widespread attention. This type of virus has an addictive nature of the gastrointestinal , respiratory and nervous systems . Coronavirus infections in children are not common.

In 1975, the National Virus Naming Committee officially named the Coronaviridae. According to the serological characteristics of the virus and the differences in nucleotide sequences, the coronavirus is divided into two genera, coronavirus and cyclotoxvirus.

See also, Coronavirus survives 9 days on dry surfaces

history record of Coronaviruses

Coronaviruses were first isolated from chickens in 1937.

In 1965, the first human coronavirus was isolated. It was named "Coronavirus" because it can be observed under the electron microscope that there are obvious stick-like particle protrusions on its outer membrane, making its shape look like the crown of medieval European emperors.

In 1975, the Coronavirus Division was officially named by the Viral Naming Committee. According to the serological characteristics of the virus and the differences in nucleotide sequences, the Coronavirus family is divided into two genera, Coronavirus and Cyclovirus. The representative strain of the Coronavirus family is Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV).

In (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS, the winter of 2002 to the spring of 2003 raging global severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS ) coronavirus family is in a coronavirus.

In September 2012, a new coronavirus was found in Saudi Arabia. It was named because it belongs to the same coronavirus as SARS virus, and no effective treatment has been found for the disease. However, the Saudi Ministry of Health's website provides measures to prevent the disease, such as washing hands frequently, opening windows frequently, avoiding direct contact with eyes, nose, and mouth by hand, and minimizing visits to crowded areas, etc.

On September 27, 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued guidelines for new coronavirus defense to 194 member states on the 26th , and called on global health agency personnel to report all cases of travel to Saudi Arabia or Qatar with acute respiratory infections.

In a health guide issued to 194 member states, the World Health Organization says health workers should be alert to patients with acute respiratory illnesses who have visited the place where the new virus was found or have been exposed to suspected and confirmed cases within the past 10 days. Infected patients may also have fever (temperature above 38 degrees Celsius) and symptoms of cough and require hospitalization.

In 2014, Hong Kong health experts ruled out the possibility that it was related to influenza A and B viruses, and it was not linked to the H5N1 avian influenza virus that appeared in 1997 .